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Setting Up a WireGuard VPN: Client and Server Configuration

In today's digitally connected world, secure and private communication is paramount. WireGuard is a cutting-edge VPN protocol known for its simplicity and high performance. If you're looking to set up a WireGuard VPN, here's a quick guide on what you need to do for both the client and server sides.

Client Configuration

The client configuration is essential for initiating a connection to the WireGuard server. Here’s what you need:

  • WireGuard Client Software: Install the WireGuard client software on your device.
  • Private Key: Generate a private key for the client.
  • Server’s Public Key: Obtain the public key of the server you want to connect to.
  • Configuration File: Create a configuration file (e.g., client.conf) with the following settings:

Client
PrivateKey = <client_private_key>
Address = 10.0.0.2/24
DNS = 8.8.8.8

[Peer]
PublicKey = <server_public_key>
AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.1/24
Endpoint = <server_endpoint>

This file specifies the client’s private key, the server's public key, the IP addresses, and the server endpoint.

Server Configuration

The server configuration is crucial for accepting connections from clients. Here’s what you need:

  • WireGuard Server Software: Install the WireGuard server software on your server.
  • Private Key: Generate a private key for the server.
  • Client’s Public Key: Obtain the public key of the client.
  • Configuration File: Create a configuration file (e.g., server.conf) with the following settings:


[Interface]
PrivateKey = <server_private_key>
Address = 10.0.0.1/24
ListenPort = 51820

[Peer]
PublicKey = <client_public_key>
AllowedIPs = 10.0.0.2/24

This file specifies the server’s private key, the listening port, and the client’s public key.

Additional Considerations

  • PersistentKeepalive: On the client side, this setting helps maintain the connection behind NAT. Add PersistentKeepalive = 25 to the [Peer] section.
  • Firewall Rules: Ensure your firewall allows traffic on the WireGuard port (default: 51820).
  • Routing: Make sure your routing tables are configured correctly to route traffic through the VPN tunnel.

Conclusion

Setting up a WireGuard VPN involves configuring both the client and server sides with the appropriate keys and settings. By following these steps, you can create a secure and efficient VPN connection that ensures private and encrypted communication.

You can note that a client peer definition always comes with an Endpoint and the interface does not contain a ListenPort.  This is not to say that two computer cannot both have a listening interface and a both have a client peer.  This means that this interface can act both to receive connections and to initiate connections.

Happy VPN using WireGuard.



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